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基于超寬帶技術(shù)的運動(dòng)目標跟蹤高精度定位系統設計
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江蘇安全技術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)院

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Design of high-precision positioning system for moving target tracking based on ultra wideband technology
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    摘要:

    為克服運動(dòng)目標不斷變化導致跟蹤定位精度較低的問(wèn)題,設計基于超寬帶技術(shù)的運動(dòng)目標跟蹤高精度定位系統。圖像采集模塊由FPGA單元、VGA顯示單元、幀緩存單元以及圖像采集單元構成,以此實(shí)現運動(dòng)目標跟蹤與定位中的圖像采集,在超寬帶技術(shù)模塊中,設計超寬帶運動(dòng)目標定位所需的天線(xiàn)、定位基站、移動(dòng)節點(diǎn),完成超寬帶動(dòng)態(tài)組網(wǎng),實(shí)現硬件系統的設計。基于硬件系統采集到的圖像,實(shí)施圖像灰度化處理、形態(tài)學(xué)濾波處理,以增強圖像中有用的信息,設計TLD運動(dòng)目標跟蹤算法,隨著(zhù)運動(dòng)目標開(kāi)始運動(dòng),TLD模型會(huì )不斷學(xué)習跟蹤的運動(dòng)目標,獲取目標在距離、景深、角度等層面的改變,并不斷學(xué)習、識別,達到良好的跟蹤效果,基于超寬帶技術(shù)設計運動(dòng)目標動(dòng)態(tài)定位算法,依據跟蹤結果實(shí)現運動(dòng)目標的高精度定位,完成軟件系統的設計。實(shí)驗測試結果表明,該系統在中、遠距離目標跟蹤與定位實(shí)驗中跟蹤錯誤率低于0.60%、2.4%,沿著(zhù)S 型運動(dòng)時(shí),路線(xiàn)彎折處的定位誤差較低,與實(shí)驗運動(dòng)目標的飛行路線(xiàn)相貼合,具有良好的定位能力。

    Abstract:

    To overcome the problem of low tracking and positioning accuracy caused by constantly changing moving targets, a high-precision positioning system for moving target tracking based on ultra wideband technology is designed. The image acquisition module consists of an FPGA unit, a VGA display unit, a frame buffer unit, and an image acquisition unit to achieve image acquisition in moving object tracking and positioning. In the ultra wideband technology module, the antenna, positioning base station, and mobile node required for ultra wideband moving object positioning are designed to complete ultra wideband dynamic networking and achieve hardware system design. Based on the images collected by the hardware system, implement image graying processing and morphological filtering processing to enhance the useful information in the image, design the TLD moving target tracking algorithm. As the moving target starts moving, the TLD model will continue to learn the tracking moving target, obtain the target changes in the distance, depth of field, angle and other levels, and continue to learn and identify to achieve good tracking results, design a dynamic positioning algorithm for moving targets based on ultra wideband technology, achieve high-precision positioning of moving targets based on tracking results, and complete the design of the software system. The experimental test results show that the tracking error rates of the system in medium and long distance target tracking and positioning experiments are less than 0.60% and 2.4%, and the positioning error at the bend of the route is relatively low when moving along the S-shape, which is in line with the flight path of the experimental moving target and has good positioning ability.

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李強.基于超寬帶技術(shù)的運動(dòng)目標跟蹤高精度定位系統設計計算機測量與控制[J].,2024,32(3):327-333.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-10-09
  • 最后修改日期:2023-12-01
  • 錄用日期:2023-12-05
  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2024-04-01
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