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基于強化圖注意力網(wǎng)絡(luò )的數字芯片布局方法
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上海電力大學(xué)電子與信息工程學(xué)院

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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(62105296)


Digital chip Placement method based on reinforcement map attention network
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    摘要:

    在數字芯片設計后端流程中,宏和標準單元的布局是一項耗時(shí)的工作,通過(guò)機器學(xué)習快速有效地提供解決方案能夠加快芯片開(kāi)發(fā)的周期,降低人工布局帶來(lái)的風(fēng)險;然而布局問(wèn)題是一個(gè)多目標優(yōu)化問(wèn)題,目前大多數方法都注重在滿(mǎn)足各項指標下最大化減小線(xiàn)長(cháng),已換取時(shí)鐘延遲的降低,忽略了其他指標仍然存在下降的空間,例如良好的擁塞指標有利于降低芯片散熱和功耗;針對上述問(wèn)題,設計一種新的帶有密集型獎勵函數的深度強化學(xué)習框架,將擁塞信息映射到圖像中,給出新的特征嵌入模型對版圖的全局信息進(jìn)行多尺度提取,并引入圖注意力網(wǎng)絡(luò )捕獲網(wǎng)表的連接關(guān)系,采用Advantage Actor Critic(A2C)算法更新策略函數,實(shí)現了數字版圖的自動(dòng)布局,并在公共的數字芯片網(wǎng)表基準上驗證了該方法的有效性。

    Abstract:

    In the back-end process of digital chip design, the placement of macros and standard cells is a time-consuming task, and providing solutions quickly and effectively through machine learning can speed up the chip development cycle and reduce the risk caused by manual placement. However, the placement problem is a multi-objective optimization problem, and most of the current methods focus on maximizing the reduction of line length under meeting various indicators, which has been exchanged for the reduction of clock delay, ignoring that other indicators still have room for decline, such as good congestion indicators are conducive to reducing chip heat dissipation and power consumption; To solve the above problems, a new deep reinforcement learning framework with intensive reward function is designed, which maps congestion information to images, gives a new feature embedding model to extract the global information of the layout at multiple scales, introduces the connection relationship of the graph attention network to capture the netlist, and updates the policy function with the Advantage Actor Critic (A2C) algorithm to realize the automatic placement of the digital landscape. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified on the public digital chip netlist benchmark.

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侯泓秋,仝明磊,李易婉.基于強化圖注意力網(wǎng)絡(luò )的數字芯片布局方法計算機測量與控制[J].,2024,32(11):235-242.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-10-08
  • 最后修改日期:2023-11-12
  • 錄用日期:2023-11-13
  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2024-11-19
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