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單舵輪AGV叉車(chē)的高精度導航算法研究與應用
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青島科技大學(xué)

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山東省自然科學(xué)基金(ZR2020QF007),國家自然科學(xué)基金(62201314)


Research and Application of High Precision Navigation
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    摘要:

    針對單舵輪自動(dòng)導引車(chē)(AGV)面向印刷車(chē)間復雜的作業(yè)環(huán)境下傳統導航方法定位精度差和路徑規劃算法生成軌跡不固定的問(wèn)題,研究并設計了完整環(huán)境地圖下的固定路徑和提高導航與定位精度的算法。針對自適應蒙特卡洛定位算法定位精度達不到作業(yè)要求,采取了改進(jìn)的Cartographer-SLAM算法與PID算法結合控制循跡的方法,大大提高了定位導航精度;針對常規導航框架下的路徑規劃算法會(huì )由于A(yíng)GV車(chē)避障行為而改變局部路徑,從而改變導航過(guò)程中的全局路徑,導致在狹窄車(chē)間環(huán)境下會(huì )發(fā)生碰撞的問(wèn)題,設計了生成導航路徑點(diǎn)的算法,生成由直線(xiàn)和弧線(xiàn)軌跡組成的固定路徑,以用于A(yíng)GV叉車(chē)的PID控制循跡,實(shí)現了固定路徑的規劃;實(shí)踐證明,該方法解決了單舵輪AGV叉車(chē)在車(chē)間環(huán)境下采用傳統導航方法出現的問(wèn)題,提高了安全性和可控性,工作效率也隨之提升。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of poor positioning accuracy of traditional navigation methods and unfixed path generated by path planning algorithm for AGV forklift with single steering wheel facing the complex working environment of printing shop, the fixed path under the complete environment map and the algorithm to improve navigation and positioning accuracy are studied and designed. As the positioning accuracy of single amcl (adaptive monte carlo positioning) algorithm can not meet the requirements of the operation, the higher precision cartographer positioning algorithm and PID algorithm are combined to control the tracking, which greatly improves the positioning and navigation accuracy. For the problem that the path planning algorithm under the conventional navigation framework will change the local path due to the obstacle avoidance behavior of AGV vehicles, thus changing the global path in the navigation process, resulting in collisions in a narrow workshop environment, a method combining Dijkstra algorithm to mark feature point composition is proposed to generate a fixed path consisting of straight lines and arc tracks for the PID control tracking of AGV forklifts, The fixed path planning is realized. The practice shows that this method solves the problems of traditional navigation method for AGV forklift with single steering wheel in the workshop environment, improves the safety and controllability, and improves the work efficiency.

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劉志成,王華龍,郭威,馬興錄.單舵輪AGV叉車(chē)的高精度導航算法研究與應用計算機測量與控制[J].,2024,32(9):307-314.

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歷史
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-30
  • 最后修改日期:2023-10-09
  • 錄用日期:2023-10-10
  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2024-10-08
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