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Channel modeling is the foundation and important method for studying near space communication technology and evaluating system transmission characteristics. Near space vehicles are developing from low speed to high speed, and the frequency of channel changes increases with the increase of aircraft speed. To achieve real-time simulation of channel fading in near space communication, a near space channel simulator based on the Central Processing Unit (CPU) and Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) architecture with parameters updated every 1 ms is proposed. The simulator has a built-in meteorological loss model and a wireless channel fading model. The CPU compresses the calculation time of channel parameters by designing a state machine control module, optimizing parameter calculation logic, and optimizing the operating system. Design key information synchronization scheme for FPGA, dual guarantee update mechanism based on state machine to ensure reliable and stable parameter transmission, parallel acceleration processing to achieve information exchange and enhance signal processing speed. The actual measurement results show that the above scheme effectively improves the parameter calculation speed and signal processing speed of the near space channel simulator, and can achieve channel parameters to be updated once every 1 ms with the movement of the transceiver.