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Based on the distributed optical fiber micro-vibration sensing system of φ -OTDR, STFT algorithm is used to image the vibration data of six kinds of events (Noise, mechanical break, artificial dig, hammer, jump and one step) around a 20km natural gas pipeline in southwest China in time and frequency domain. Then six kinds of events are classified and predicted by BP, SVM, GoogLeNet and other algorithms. Firstly, the φ -OTDR system was used to collect Rayleigh backscattered light signals and extract vibration signals of vibration events. Then, the time-space images were collected by STFT. Finally, the vibration events were identified by the algorithm of images. The experimental results showed that compared with the traditional random forest, K-nearest neighbor, SVM and GoogLeNet. The false alarm rate of mechanical break and artificial dig are calculated to be as low as 0%, The proposed algorithm is suitable for applications in a complex field environment.