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基于超聲測距的工業(yè)機器人避障控制系統設計
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西安航空職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院

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Design of industrial robot obstacle avoidance control system based on ultrasonic ranging
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    摘要:

    工業(yè)機器人對于自身與障礙物之間的距離測量不準確,無(wú)法根據二者距離判斷行駛路徑,導致避障效果較差。為此基于超聲測距技術(shù)設計了一種新的工業(yè)機器人避障控制系統,從硬件和軟件兩方面對避障效果進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設計。將具有脈沖信號的超聲換能器安裝在單片機的操作模塊中,增加MOS功率器件作為超聲換能器的驅動(dòng)元件,應用EA1、EA2和EA3三種型號的誤差放大器,將回波信號穩定放大到電路中,利用運算放大器和RC網(wǎng)絡(luò )電路實(shí)現濾波放大,利用信號檢測電路實(shí)現檢測。利用超聲波傳感器精準測量出自己與障礙物之間的距離,通過(guò)建立模糊數據庫、定位漫反射信息、提取不同方向的測距信息實(shí)現工業(yè)機器人避障控制。實(shí)驗結果表明,設計的基于超聲測距的工業(yè)機器人避障控制系統能夠準確測量出與障礙物之間的距離,避障控制準確率平均值達97.4%,能夠實(shí)現工業(yè)機器人避障防碰撞操作。

    Abstract:

    The industrial robot cannot measure the distance between itself and the obstacle accurately, and cannot judge the driving path according to the distance between the two, resulting in poor obstacle avoidance effect. Therefore, a new industrial robot obstacle avoidance control system is designed based on ultrasonic ranging technology, and the obstacle avoidance effect is optimized from both hardware and software aspects. Install the ultrasonic transducer with pulse signal in the operation module of the single-chip microcomputer, add a MOS power device as the driving element of the ultrasonic transducer, and apply three types of error amplifiers, EA1, EA2 and EA3, to stably amplify the echo signal to In the circuit, the operational amplifier and the RC network circuit are used to realize filtering and amplification, and the signal detection circuit is used to realize the detection. The ultrasonic sensor is used to accurately measure the distance between itself and the obstacle, and the obstacle avoidance control of the industrial robot is realized by establishing a fuzzy database, locating the diffuse reflection information, and extracting the ranging information in different directions. The experimental results show that the designed industrial robot obstacle avoidance control system based on ultrasonic ranging can accurately measure the distance to the obstacle, and the average obstacle avoidance control accuracy rate is 97.4%, which can realize the industrial robot obstacle avoidance and anti-collision operation.

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李強.基于超聲測距的工業(yè)機器人避障控制系統設計計算機測量與控制[J].,2023,31(2):109-114.

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歷史
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-14
  • 最后修改日期:2022-08-04
  • 錄用日期:2022-08-04
  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2023-02-16
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