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The number of cluster heads per round is unstable and the distribution of cluster heads is uneven in the distributed clustering algorithm Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH). So, in order to prolong stability period of wireless sensor networks, optimize cluster head election mechanism and balance energy consumption of nodes, an improved fixed clustering algorithm was proposed. The algorithm makes use of fixed clustering technology to divide network into several even regions taking the sink node as center. In stage of cluster head election, cost function is introduced to optimize the number and layout of cluster heads, with consideration of residual energy of nodes、inner point distance in region and location layout. The simulation results of MATLAB show that, compared to the original algorithm, the improved algorithm can balance energy consumption of network with stable number of cluster heads and uniform distribution in each round, and also effectively extend stability period、half decay period and life period of network.