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基于聚類(lèi)分析的精密零件測量方法
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蘇州北美國際高級中學(xué)

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TP391

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Large precision device measurement method based on cluster analysis
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    摘要:

    針對目前大型精密零件自動(dòng)化測量和自動(dòng)化裝配的迫切需求,提出一種精密零件輪廓自動(dòng)化測量方法。首先利用激光跟蹤儀建立全局坐標系,基于世界統一法對多個(gè)相機坐標系進(jìn)行全局標定;采用像素點(diǎn)聚類(lèi)的方式、漫水填充法等圖像處理方法對存在重影以及環(huán)境光的激光光條中心進(jìn)行精確提取,利用統計濾波方法對三維數據點(diǎn)云進(jìn)行雜點(diǎn)的去除,結合粗匹配和精細匹配方法對多組相機下的激光光條進(jìn)行三維空間點(diǎn)云融合,移動(dòng)產(chǎn)品,對精密零件進(jìn)行全產(chǎn)品掃描,最后,借助于射線(xiàn)法對精密零件輪廓進(jìn)行超差預警。實(shí)驗表明,該方法對大型零部件產(chǎn)品的測量誤差標準差為0.25mm,15分鐘可以完成20米長(cháng)大型零部件產(chǎn)品的測量與分析,足夠滿(mǎn)足現有大型精密復雜產(chǎn)品的裝配需求,突破了現有技術(shù)瓶頸,可以對精密零件輪廓進(jìn)行快速精確三維重構,并且可以計算精密零件產(chǎn)品的結構化參數。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the urgent demand of automatic measurement and automatic assembly of large precision device, an automatic measurement method of large precision device contour is proposed. First, the global coordinate system is established by laser tracker, multiple camera coordinate systems is calibrated based on the global calibration and all the camera coordinate systems can be transformed to the global coordinate system. The center of the laser strip is precisely extracted by the Image processing methods such as Clustering method, flooding method and so on, by which ghosting and ambient light can be overcome; Statistical filtering method is used to remove the clutter of 3d data point cloud, by combining the sample-consistent initial registration algorithm and the iterative nearest point matching method, the 3d point cloud fusion is carried out for the laser bars under multiple cameras. The whole product is scanned by moving the precision device, and when the contours of the precision device are out of tolerance ray method will give warning. The experiment shows that the measurement error standard deviation of this method for large parts is 0.25mm, and the measurement time is 15 minutes for 20 meters long parts, which is enough to meet the assembly requirements of large precision and complex products. This technology breaks through the existing technical bottleneck, it can carry out rapid and accurate 3d reconstruction of the contour of precision parts, and can calculate the structural parameters of precision parts.

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吳光宇,崔元達,陳璟逸.基于聚類(lèi)分析的精密零件測量方法計算機測量與控制[J].,2021,29(2):10-13.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-05-24
  • 最后修改日期:2020-06-17
  • 錄用日期:2020-06-18
  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2021-02-08
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