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基于Kalman濾波的車(chē)位側方距離修正方法
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1.湖北省武漢市武漢工程大學(xué)流芳校區研究生院;2.湖北省武漢市武漢工程大學(xué)流芳校區電氣信息學(xué)院

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(智能機器人湖北省重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗室開(kāi)放基:HBIR201406)


Vehicle Side Distance Correction Method Based on Kalman filter
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    摘要:

    通常車(chē)位識別技術(shù)通過(guò)超聲波傳感器獲取側方障礙物位置信息來(lái)判斷車(chē)位邊緣,由于測量時(shí)超聲波傳感器與障礙物形成波束角的跳變,及其本身的固有特性會(huì )帶來(lái)隨機噪聲,導致不能直接得到狀態(tài)變量的真實(shí)精確值。通過(guò)建立合適的距離修正系統狀態(tài)方程和觀(guān)測方程,采用Kalman濾波算法,由 k-1 時(shí)刻的超聲波傳感器測量值與隨機噪聲獲得該時(shí)刻的協(xié)方差,并與測量噪聲計算獲得 k 時(shí)刻的Kalman增益,再結合k 時(shí)刻的超聲波傳感器測量值與觀(guān)測方程得到k+1時(shí)刻的距離修正值。仿真結果表明,經(jīng)過(guò)150次迭代計算后的絕對誤差為1.575cm,平均修正時(shí)間僅需0.028s。該方法可有效降低了隨機噪聲干擾,具有良好的準確性和實(shí)時(shí)性,濾波測量距離修正值更加逼近真實(shí)值。

    Abstract:

    Generally, the parking space recognition technology uses the ultrasonic sensor to obtain the position information of the side obstacle to determine the edge of the parking space. Due to the jump of the beam angle formed by the ultrasonic sensor and the obstacle during the measurement, and its inherent characteristics will bring random noise, which may not be directly obtained. The true exact value of the state variable. By establishing a suitable distance correction system state equation and observation equation, Kalman filtering algorithm is used to obtain the covariance of the moment from the ultrasonic sensor measurement value and random noise at time k-1 , and obtain the Kalman gain at time k from the measurement noise calculation. Then, the distance correction value of k+1 time is obtained by combining the measured value of the ultrasonic sensor at time k with the observation equation. The simulation results show that the absolute error after 150 iterations is 1.575cm, and the average correction time is only 0.028s, which is much smaller than the average correction error of the dual probe average method, the dual probe fusion method and the sensor error compensation method. It effectively reduces random noise interference, has good accuracy and real-time performance, and the filter measurement distance correction value is closer to the true value.

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楊述斌,蔣宗霖,劉寒.基于Kalman濾波的車(chē)位側方距離修正方法計算機測量與控制[J].,2020,28(2):220-223.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-08-12
  • 最后修改日期:2019-08-22
  • 錄用日期:2019-08-23
  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2020-02-24
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