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Aiming at the problem that the defects of random texture tile images can not be well extracted via the classical defect detection algorithm,a high-precisionSsurface defect detection method of random texture ceramic tiles using Fourier Transform is proposed.On this basis, the hardware system of ceramic tile surface defect detection is designed.Firt frequency spectrum images are obtained by Fourier transform for the collected tile images, then the influence of cut-off frequency parameter on filtering is studied and the optimal filter is designed for filtering, and then reconstructed images are obtained through the inverse discrete Fourier transform to suppressing background texture information and strengthening the defect area information,finally,the defect areas are acquired by threshold and morphological operation.Experimental results show that this method has high accuracy on defect detection for different random texture ceramic tile samples, and it has high practical value in ceramic tile defect detection.