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Accurately estimating the state of charge is the basis for the safety work of LiFePO4 battery and the normal use of electric vehicles. Based on a simplified electrochemical model, the parameters of the model are identified by using the Forgetting Factor Recursive Least Squares (FFRLS) method. The parameters of Ampere-hour integration method are revised to reduce the influence of factors such as charge-discharge rate and temperature, and the EKF is improved to improve the correction ability of the observed values. The Ampere-time integration equation where parameter is modified is the state equation, combining with the open-circuit voltage method, and the EKF is used to estimate the SOC. Compared with the ampere-hour integration method, the estimation effect of SOC is much improved, and the estimation deviation is kept within 3%.