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On account of lithium-ion battery dual polarization (DP) equivalent circuit model a genetic algorithm is proposed for parameter identification. The method makes resistance, capacitance and open circuit voltage source in the circuit model as exponential function based rational approximant. According to the characteristic data of output voltage in different charge and discharge rate, A real code genetic Algorithm (GA) is employed to estimate the battery model parameters including the resistance, capacitance and open circuit voltage. The algorithm is applied to several cases in different working conditions and working parameters. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the genetic algorithm to identify the parameters has concise principle and quickly convergence. The equivalent circuit model with the optimally extracted parameters can accurately predict the performance of the lithium-ion battery and has high identification precision.