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In order to improve the fuel economy and reduce emissions of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, a PHEV energy management strategy based on road condition prediction is proposed. Firstly, the PHEV system structure is established and three kinds of PHEV basic working modes are defined based on the SOC(State of charge) change trajectories of the battery packs. Then, the traffic condition fuzzy controller is designed to recognize the current road condition. Finally, according to the type of traffic prediction in combination with the curve of the reasonable planning of power battery SOC constraints, the energy management strategy of PHEV is developed. The simulation results show that the energy management strategy can make the SOC of the power battery keep fluctuating around the set reference trajectory to improve the fuel economy and reduce the emission.