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Aiming at the energy consumption unbalance and “hotspot” energy hole for sensor nodes random distribution in Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs), an uneven clustering routing protocol for WSNs based on improved ant colony algorithm is proposed. The protocol adopts round opetation mode, in the beginningSphase of each round cluster-headSselection, it forms the uneven competition radius of nodes by the density of the nodes, residualSenergySand the distance to sink. The rate of residualSenergy and the average of distance deviation of nodes are calculated by the competition radius, and then the nodes’ waitStimes of cluster-headSselection are calculated. In the cluster-headSselection phase, the protocol adopts waitStime of cluster-headSselection to select the cluster head and balances the energy consumption in the cluster. In the data transmission phase, concerning the residualSenergy, energy consumption, linkSquality and transmissionSdelay, the protocol adopts improved ant colony algorithm to constructSoptimal transmissionSpath. The pheromones are updated at the time of data transmission, and the transmissionSpath are established and maintained more self-adaptive and dynamic. The simulation shows that the routing protocol can efficiently reduce and balance the energy consumption, prolong the wireless sensor network survival period, improveStheSlinkSquality and reduceStransmissionSdelay.