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The node localization technology is a key support to wireless sensor networks application technology. The accuracy of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) localization method depends on the conformity of the ranging model parameters with the actual values. Using the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) ranging model, a three-dimensional localization algorithm is introduced based on estimate of ranging model parameters in this paper. Without calculating the distances, the algorithm takes the coordinates of unknown nodes and ranging model parameters as arguments, the signal strength errors as target function, and applies PSO algorithm to estimate the unknown node coordinates. The simulation results show that the proposed localization algorithm does not depend on the ranging model parameters, and obtains the ideal location accuracy.